Nero, who ruled from 54 AD to 68 AD, was known for his extravagant and tyrannical leadership, which included persecution of Christians, wasteful spending, and a growing detachment from political affairs. His reign ended when he committed suicide in June 68 AD, leaving behind no clear successor. This led to a power vacuum, plunging the Roman Empire into uncertainty and civil war.
The Rise of Galba
The first claimant to the throne was Galba, the governor of Hispania (modern-day Spain). He was declared emperor by his troops after Nero’s death, becoming the first emperor of 69 AD. Galba, however, was unpopular due to his harsh policies and inability to win the support of both the military and the Roman people. His reign lasted only seven months before he was assassinated in January 69 AD, as discontent grew over his lack of generosity to the army and his failure to manage the Empire's pressing issues.
Otho Takes Power
After Galba’s assassination, Otho, a former ally of Nero who had supported his rise to power, emerged as his successor. Otho was able to secure the throne with the support of the Praetorian Guard, the elite unit responsible for protecting the emperor. However, Otho’s reign was short-lived, lasting only three months. His rule was challenged by Vitellius, the governor of Lower Germany, who had gathered significant military support. In April 69 AD, Otho faced a decisive battle at Bedriacum (modern-day Cremona), where his forces were defeated. Otho, unable to withstand the loss, committed suicide, leaving Vitellius as the new emperor. shutdown123